The Great Seal of the United States
    The Great Seal of the United States
    Saturday - Oct 8, 2011 9:00 am
    The Great Seal of the United States is the symbol of our sovereignty as a nation. Its obverse is used on official documents to authenticate the signature of the President and it appears on proclamations, warrants, treaties, and commissions of high officials of the government. The Great Seal's design, used as our national coat of arms   Read more...
    Articles of Confederation : March 1, 1781
    Saturday - Oct 8, 2011 8:56 am
    Articles of Confederation and perpetual Union between the states of New Hampshire, Massachusetts-bay Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia.   Read more...
    Articles of Capitulation; October 18, 1781
    Saturday - Oct 8, 2011 8:54 am
    The garrisons of York and Gloucester, including the officers and seamen of his Britannic Majesty's ships, as well as other mariners, to surrender themselves prisoners of war to the combined forces of America and France. The land troops to remain prisoners to the United States, the navy to the naval army of his Most Christian Majesty.   Read more...
    Alexander Hamilton's Opinion as to the Constitutionality of the Bank of the United States : 1791
    Saturday - Oct 8, 2011 8:47 am
    The Secretary of the Treasury having perused with attention the papers containing the opinions of the Secretary of State and Attorney General, concerning the constitutionality of the bill for establishing a National Bank, proceeds, according to the order of the President, to submit the reasons which have induced him to entertain a different opinion.   Read more...
    Third Annual Message of George Washington
    Saturday - Oct 8, 2011 8:42 am
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    Second Annual Message of George Washington
    Saturday - Oct 8, 2011 8:34 am
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    First Annual Message of George Washington
    Saturday - Oct 8, 2011 8:28 am
    A free people ought not only to be armed but disciplined; to which end a uniform and well digested plan is requisite: And their safety and interest require that they should promote such manufactories, as tend to render them independent on others, for essential, particularly for military supplies.   Read more...
    Thomas Jefferson : First Annual Message to Congress
    Saturday - Oct 8, 2011 7:38 am
    The prudence and temperance of your discussions will promote, within your own walls, that conciliation which so much befriends national conclusion; and by its example will encourage among our constituents that progress of opinion which is tending to unite them in object and in will.   Read more...
    Benedict Arnold, Traitor, September 25, 1780
    Benedict Arnold, Traitor, September 25, 1780
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 11:38 pm
    In an act that has made his name synonymous with treason in American history, General Benedict Arnold conspired to turn his command of West Point over to the British. In return, he was to receive money and become a general in the British army. His treason was discovered when Major Andre, his British contact, was captured. Andre, seen here, was reluctantly hung as a spy.   Read more...
    Battle of King's Mountain- October 7, 1780
    Battle of King's Mountain- October 7, 1780
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 11:34 pm
    In North Carolina, Major Ferguson was patrolling with a force of over 1,000 Tory supporters attempting to pacify the countryside. With violence and atrocities rising on both sides, 1,200 militia men, most from North Carolina but with some Virginians and South Carolinians, gathered to stop Ferguson and his troops.   Read more...
    Battle of Yorktown-1781
    Battle of Yorktown-1781
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 11:26 pm
    General Cornwalis arrived in Petersburg in May of 1781. After receiving conflicting instructions, Cornwalis went to Yorktown and began preparing a naval base there. General Washington moved south and, together with French ground and naval forces, surrounded the British army, forcing its surrender and effectively ending the war.   Read more...
    British Surrender at Saratoga 1777
    British Surrender at Saratoga 1777
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 11:23 pm
    Burgoyne felt he had no option but to press on to Albany. The American army, however, was blocking his way at Bemis Heights. The British made two attempts to break through American defenses, but failed. After the second attempt, they withdrew to Saratoga, where they were surrounded by American troops. The British had no choice but to surrender which they did on October 13, 1777. One quarter of the British forces in North America thus surrendered, and, while many battles were yet to be fought, American Independence was assured.   Read more...
    Battle of Germantown- 1777
    Battle of Germantown- 1777
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 11:13 pm
    After Howe had occupied Philadelphia, Washington attacked British troops at Germantown. The Americans planned a four pronged attack. The morning was foggy, and American coordination broke down. As a result, the attack failed, and the American troops were forced to withdraw.   Read more...
    Battle of Princeton 1777
    Battle of Princeton 1777
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 11:08 pm
    Howe sent troops south to take on Washington in Trenton. The American troops sidestepped the British forces in Trenton, instead battling them in Princeton. The Battle of Princeton fought on Jan 3, 1777 was won by the Americans at the last moment, forcing the British to withdraw to New Brunswick.   Read more...
    Battle of Trenton- 1776
    Battle of Trenton- 1776
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 11:05 pm
    On December 26th, Washington's Army crossed the Delaware and surprised the British at Trenton. The main attack was made by 2,400 troops under Washington on the Hessian Garrison. Washington's troops acheived total surprise and defeated the British forces. The American victory was the first of the war, and helped to restore American morale.   Read more...
    Ft Washington Captured- Washington Retreats Through N.J.-1776
    Ft Washington Captured- Washington Retreats Through N.J.-1776
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 11:03 pm
    The British captured Fort Washington on Northern Manhattan Island on November 16, 1776, without much difficulty. Washington proceeded into New Jersey. He was pursued by Howe all the way south until he successfully crossed the Delaware River.   Read more...
    Valcour Bay 1776
    Valcour Bay 1776
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 10:59 pm
    In the summer of 1776, Sir Guy Carleton led a large force of British ships and moved down Lake Champlain. To oppose them, American General Arnold had assembled a small force of ships. Arnold's spirited defense against overwhelming odds held back the British long enough to convince Carleton to withdraw for the winter once he had arrived at Fort Ticonderoga.   Read more...
    Battle of New York 1776
    Battle of New York 1776
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 10:56 pm
    In 1776, the British set forth to subdue the colonies. They began the effort by recapturing New York. First, they drove Washington off Long Island; then, from lower Harlem. After this initiative, Washington retreated to White Plains, where for the first time, he was able to hold off the British forces. The British, then again, outmaneuvered Washington. Washington was forced to retreat to New Jersey.   Read more...
    Seige of Boston 1775
    Seige of Boston 1775
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 10:53 pm
    After the Battle of Bunker Hill the British remained in Boston, surrounded by an ever growing number of Continental soldiers. The Continental Congress appointed George Washington to command American forces around Boston. The Americans occupied Dorchester Heights from where their guns could hit any British ship in the harbor. The British were forced to withdraw from Boston.   Read more...
    Americans Attack Canada 1775 and are Defeated
    Americans Attack Canada 1775 and are Defeated
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 10:13 pm
    When Benedict Arnold first asked the Continental Congress to allow him to occupy Canada but the Congress at first restrained him. Then, in late June, the Congress reversed itself and ordered General Schuyler to occupy Canada   Read more...
    Americans Capture Ft Ticonderoga
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 10:06 pm
    On March 11, 1775, American forces under Benedict Arnold and Ethan Allen captured the British fort of Ticonderoga. The fort was captured without firing a shot. The capture was the first offensive action by the colonists, and the cannons captured there were invaluable.   Read more...
    Lexington and Concord- 1775
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 10:03 pm
    Forewarned by Paul Revere, American militiamen fought 800 British troops on April 19th, 1775. The battle broke out at Concord. Seventy-three British soldiers were killed and over 200 were wounded. The Americans lost 49 soldiers and suffered 39 wounded. This marked the beginning to Revolutionary War.   Read more...
    Jefferson Davis's View of the Battle
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 9:49 pm
    The enemy having retired to the protection of the fortifications around Washington and Alexandria, Lee's army marched, on September 3d, toward Leesburg. The armies of Generals McClellan and Pope had now been brought back to the point from which they set out on the campaign of the spring and summer. The objects of those campaigns had been frustrated, and the hostile designs against the coast of North Carolina and in western Virginia thwarted by the withdrawal of the main body of the forces from those regions.   Read more...
    IN THE RANKS TO THE ANTIETAM
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 9:47 pm
    ON THE 5th of September, 1862, Hawkins's Zouaves, as a part of Burnside corps, from Fredericksburg, landed at Washington to assist in the defense of the capital, then threatened by Lee's first invasion of Maryland, and, as events proved, tojoin in the pursuit of the invaders.   Read more...
    Letter to the People of Maryland by Robert E Lee
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 9:44 pm
    To The People of Maryland: It is right that you should know the purpose that has brought the army under my command within the limits of your State, so far as that purpose concerns yourselves.   Read more...
    Capture of Harper's Ferry and Operations In Maryland
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 9:41 pm
    Battle of Sharpsburg or Antietam
    By James Longstreet, Lieutenant-General, C.S.A.   Read more...
    Reports to Confederate Headquarters
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 9:38 pm
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    Movement Into Maryland. By: Jubal Early
    Movement Into Maryland. By: Jubal Early
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 9:36 pm
    On the 2nd of September our army rested, while the movements of the enemy were being ascertained. Provisions were now very scarce, as the supply in the wagons, with which we had started, was exhausted. The rations obtained by Jackson's command from the enemy's stores, at Manassas, which were confined to what could be brought off in haversacks, were also exhausted, and on this day boiled fresh beef, without salt or bread, was issued to my brigade, which with an ear or two of green corn roasted by a fire, constituted also my own supply of food, at this time.   Read more...
    NOTES ON CRAMPTON'S GAP AND ANTIETAM. FRANKLIN, MAJOR-GENERAL, USA
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 9:21 pm
    BETWEEN the 2dnd 6th of September, the Sixth Clorps remained in camp near Alexandria and collected horses and transportation for ammunition and provisions, which were gradually disembarked. On the latter date it marched to Tenallytown, beyond Georgetown, D. C., crossing the Potomac by the Long Bridge, and beginning tbe Maryland campaign   Read more...
    The Battle of Sharpsburg. By: Jubal Early
    The Battle of Sharpsburg. By: Jubal Early
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 9:18 pm
    The division moved at dawn on the 16th, and crossing the Potomac, arrived in the vicinity of Sharpsburg in the early part of the day, and stacked armes in a peice of woods about a mile in rear of Sharsburg, Jackson's division having preceded it, and Hill's being left behind to dispose of the prisoners and property at Harper's Ferry.   Read more...
    The Numbers at Antietam By: Jubal Early
    The Numbers at Antietam By: Jubal Early
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 9:11 pm
    Jubal Anderson Early (November 3, 1816 – March 2, 1894) was a lawyer and Confederate general in the American Civil War. He served under Stonewall Jackson   Read more...
    Capture of Harper's Ferry and Operations In Maryland - Gen. Robert E. Lee
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 9:00 pm
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    Civil Rights Act (1964)
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 7:51 pm
    This act, signed into law by President Lyndon Johnson on July 2, 1964, prohibited discrimination in public places, provided for the integration of schools and other public facilities, and made employment discrimination illegal. This document was the most sweeping civil rights legislation since Reconstruction.   Read more...
    Marshall Plan (1948)
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 7:50 pm
    On April 3, 1948, President Truman signed the Economic Recovery Act of 1948. It became known as the Marshall Plan, named for Secretary of State George Marshall, who in 1947 proposed that the United States provide economic assistance to restore the economic infrastructure of postwar Europe.   Read more...
    Truman Doctrine (1947)
    Truman Doctrine (1947)
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 7:47 pm
    On March 12, 1947, President Harry S. Truman presented this address before a joint session of Congress. His message, known as the Truman Doctrine, asked Congress for $400 million in military and economic assistance for Turkey and Greece.   Read more...
    19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Women's Right to Vote (1920)
    19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Women's Right to Vote (1920)
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 4:59 pm
    Passed by Congress June 4, 1919, and ratified on August 18, 1920, the 19th amendment granted women the right to vote.   Read more...
    President Woodrow Wilson's 14 Points (1918)
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 4:58 pm
    In this January 8, 1918, address to Congress, President Woodrow Wilson proposed a 14-point program for world peace. These points were later taken as the basis for peace negotiations at the end of the war.   Read more...
    16th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Federal Income Tax (1913)
    16th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Federal Income Tax (1913)
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 4:48 pm
    Passed by Congress on July 2, 1909, and ratified February 3, 1913, the 16th amendment established Congress's right to impose a Federal income tax.   Read more...
    Interstate Commerce Act (1887)
    Interstate Commerce Act (1887)
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 4:38 pm
    Approved on February 4, 1887, the Interstate Commerce Act created an Interstate Commerce Commission to oversee the conduct of the railroad industry. With this act, the railroads became the first industry subject to Federal regulation.   Read more...
    The Chinese Exclusion Act 1882
    The Chinese Exclusion Act 1882
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 4:31 pm
    The Chinese Exclusion Act was approved on May 6, 1882. It was the first significant law restricting immigration into the United States.   Read more...
    15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Voting Rights (1870)
    15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Voting Rights (1870)
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 4:26 pm
    Passed by Congress February 26, 1869, and ratified February 3, 1870, the 15th amendment granted African American men the right to vote.   Read more...
    Treaty of Fort Laramie 1868
    Treaty of Fort Laramie 1868
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 4:23 pm
    In this treaty, signed on April 29, 1868, between the U.S. Government and the Sioux Nation, the United States recognized the Black Hills as part of the Great Sioux Reservation, set aside for exclusive use by the Sioux people.   Read more...
    13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Abolition of Slavery (1865)
    13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Abolition of Slavery (1865)
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 4:19 pm
    Passed by Congress on January 31, 1865, and ratified on December 6, 1865, the 13th amendment abolished slavery in the United States.   Read more...
    Pacific Railway Act 1862
    Pacific Railway Act 1862
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 4:12 pm
    This act, passed on July 1, 1862, provided Federal subsidies in land and loans for the construction of a transcontinental railroad across the United States.   Read more...
    Homestead Act 1862
    Homestead Act 1862
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 4:05 pm
    Passed on May 20, 1862, the Homestead Act accelerated the settlement of the western territory by granting adult heads of families 160 acres of surveyed public land for a minimal filing fee and 5 years of continuous residence on that land.   Read more...
    The Civil War: Background
    The Civil War: Background
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 3:59 pm
    Prior to and during the Civil War, the North and South differed greatly in the resources that they could use. Documents held by the National Archives can aid in the understanding of the factors that influenced the eventual outcome of the War Between the States.   Read more...
    The Surrender of Fort Sumter 1861
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 3:40 pm
    The first engagement of the Civil War took place at Fort Sumter on April 12 and 13, 1861. After 34 hours of fighting, the Union surrendered the fort to the Confederates.   Read more...
    Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 1848
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 3:38 pm
    This treaty, signed on February 2, 1848, ended the war between the United States and Mexico. By its terms, Mexico ceded 55 percent of its territory, including parts of present-day Arizona, California, New Mexico, Texas, Colorado, Nevada, and Utah, to the United States.   Read more...
    Jefferson's Secret Message to Congress Regarding the Lewis & Clark Expedition 1803
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 3:35 pm
    In this secret message of January 18, 1803, President Jefferson asked Congress for $2,500 to explore the West—-all the way to the Pacific Ocean. At the time, the territory did not belong to the United States. Congress agreed to fund the expedition that would be led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark.   Read more...
    Federal Judiciary Act 1789
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 3:32 pm
    One of the first acts of the new Congress was to establish a Federal court system through the Judiciary Act signed by President Washington on September 24, 1789.   Read more...
    Original Design of the Great Seal of the United States 1782
    Saturday - Feb 19, 2011 3:29 pm
    The history of the Great Seal begins with the day of our founding as a nation.   Read more...
    Adolf Hitler's Last Will
    Tuesday - Feb 15, 2011 9:31 pm
    Adolf Hitler died on April 30, 1945 in his underground bunker in Berlin. The death was suicide presumably because he did not want to be captured by the Soviets. His newlywed wife, Eva Braun committed suicide as well.


      Read more...
    Col. William Barrett Travis, Military Officer, Commander at the Alamo
    Col. William Barrett Travis, Military Officer, Commander at the Alamo
    Tuesday - Feb 15, 2011 11:33 am
    Travis, WILLIAM BARRETT, Military Officer, Commander at the Alamo, Hero; born in Conecuh county, Ala., in 1811 ; admitted to the bar in 1830 and began practice in Claiborne, Ala.; went to Texas about 1832 and later joined the Texas army and fought for the independence of that territory. With 140 men he defended Fort Alamo (the old mission station of San Antonio de Valero) against 4,000 Mexicans, Feb. 23, 1836.   Read more...
    Caliphate or
    Caliphate or
    Tuesday - Feb 15, 2011 10:26 am
    The term caliphate "dominion of a caliph ('successor,')," (from the Arabic خلافة or khilāfa, Turkish: Halife ) refers to the first system of government established in Islam, and represented the political unity of the Muslim Ummah (nation). In theory, it is a constitutional republic[1] (see Constitution of Medina), meaning that the head of state (the Caliph) and other officials are dicate to the people according to Islamic law, which exercises power over their citizens. It was initially led by Muhammad's disciples as a continuation of the political system the prophet established, known as the 'rashidun caliphates'. It represented the political unity, not the theological unity of Muslims as theology was a personal matter. A "caliphate" is also a state which implements such a governmental system.   Read more...
    Caliphate or "Khilafat" and "Khilafah" Part One of Two
    Tuesday - Feb 15, 2011 10:17 am
    The term caliphate "dominion of a caliph ('successor,')," (from the Arabic خلافة or khilāfa, Turkish: Halife ) refers to the first system of government established in Islam, and represented the political unity of the Muslim Ummah (nation). In theory, it is a constitutional republic[1] (see Constitution of Medina), meaning that the head of state (the Caliph) and other officials are dicate to the people according to Islamic law, which exercises power over their citizens. It was initially led by Muhammad's disciples as a continuation of the political system the prophet established, known as the 'rashidun caliphates'. It represented the political unity, not the theological unity of Muslims as theology was a personal matter. A "caliphate" is also a state which implements such a governmental system.   Read more...
    EXECUTIVE ORDERS: Unconstitutional Presidential Abuses of Power
    Tuesday - Feb 15, 2011 10:11 am
    SINCE LINCOLN, CONGRESS HAS FAILED TO RESTRAIN PRESIDENTIAL USURPATIONS

    Attorney William J. Olson spoke to those gathered for Y2K and the Presidency, the May 8 conference sponsored by The Conservative Caucus, concerning the unconstitutional use of Executive Orders. Excerpts from his talk follow:   Read more...
    EXECUTIVE ORDERS: Unconstitutional Presidential Abuses of Power
    Tuesday - Feb 15, 2011 10:11 am
    SINCE LINCOLN, CONGRESS HAS FAILED TO RESTRAIN PRESIDENTIAL USURPATIONS

    Attorney William J. Olson spoke to those gathered for Y2K and the Presidency, the May 8 conference sponsored by The Conservative Caucus, concerning the unconstitutional use of Executive Orders. Excerpts from his talk follow:   Read more...
    Memorial and Remonstrance Against Religious Assessments
    Tuesday - Feb 15, 2011 10:10 am
    by James Madison, 1785
    (Remonstrance: To say or plead in protest American Heritage Dictionary)
    To the Honorable the General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Virginia
    A Memorial and Remonstrance Against Religious Assessments
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    The Alien and Sedition Acts
    Tuesday - Feb 15, 2011 10:08 am
    1798
    History of these anti-freedom acts Also see the Kentucky Resolution and the Virginia Resolution. More Information
    Return to the Documents of Freedom Collection, a Project of The Conservative Caucus   Read more...
    Executive Order 10834 (Hawaii admitted into Union) Flag of the U.S.
    Friday - Oct 8, 2010 10:38 am
    WHEREAS section 2 of title 4 of the United States Code provides as follows: "On the admission of a new State into the Union one star shall be added to the union of the flag; and such addition shall take effect on the fourth day of July then next succeeding such admission."; and   Read more...
    King's Speech to Parliament October 26, 1775
    Thursday - Oct 7, 2010 8:03 pm
    The present Situation of America, and My constant Desire to have your Advice, Concurrence, and Assistance, on every important Occasion, have determined Me to call you thus early together.   Read more...
    Common Sense  by: Thomas Paine 1776     (Index)
    Common Sense by: Thomas Paine 1776 (Index)
    Thursday - Oct 7, 2010 12:50 pm
    Common Sense by: Thomas Paine 1776 (Index)

    Published in 1776, Common Sense challenged the authority of the British government and the royal monarchy. The plain language that Paine used spoke to the common people of America and was the first work to openly ask for independence from Great Britain.   Read more...
    Common Sense - VI - Appendix to the Third Edition
    Common Sense - VI - Appendix to the Third Edition
    Thursday - Oct 7, 2010 12:46 pm
    Common Sense by: Thomas Paine 1776

    SINCE the publication of the first edition of this pamphlet, or rather, on the same day on which it came out, the king's speech made its appearance in this city. Had the spirit of prophecy directed the birth of this production, it could not have brought it forth at a more seasonable juncture, or at a more necessary time. The bloody-mindedness of the one, shows the necessity of pursuing the doctrine of the other. Men read by way of revenge. And the speech, instead of terrifying, prepared a way for the manly principles of independence.   Read more...
    Common Sense - V - Of the Present Ability of America: with some Miscellaneous Reflections
    Common Sense - V - Of the Present Ability of America: with some Miscellaneous Reflections
    Thursday - Oct 7, 2010 12:44 pm
    Common Sense by: Thomas Paine 1776

    I HAVE never met with a man, either in England or America, who hath not confessed his opinion, that a separation between the countries would take place one time or other: And there is no instance in which we have shown less judgment, than in endeavoring to describe, what we call, the ripeness or fitness of the continent for independence.   Read more...
    Common Sense - IV - Thoughts on the Present State of American Affairs
    Common Sense - IV - Thoughts on the Present State of American Affairs
    Thursday - Oct 7, 2010 12:43 pm
    Common Sense by: Thomas Paine 1776

    IN the following pages I offer nothing more than simple facts, plain arguments, and common sense: and have no other preliminaries to settle with the reader, than that he will divest himself of prejudice and prepossession, and suffer his reason and his feelings to determine for themselves that he will put on, or rather that he will not put off, the true character of a man, and generously enlarge his views beyond the present day.   Read more...
    Common Sense - III - Of Monarchy and Hereditary Succession
    Common Sense - III - Of Monarchy and Hereditary Succession
    Thursday - Oct 7, 2010 12:40 pm
    Common Sense by: Thomas Paine 1776

    MANKIND being originally equals in the order of creation, the equality could only be destroyed by some subsequent circumstance: the distinctions of rich and poor may in a great measure be accounted for, and that without having recourse to the harsh ill-sounding names of oppression and avarice. Oppression is often the CONSEQUENCE, but seldom or never the MEANS of riches; and tho' avarice will preserve a man from being necessitously poor, it generally makes him too timorous to be wealthy.   Read more...
    Common Sense  - II Of the Origin and Design of Government in General, with Concise Remarks on the English Constitution
    Common Sense - II Of the Origin and Design of Government in General, with Concise Remarks on the English Constitution
    Thursday - Oct 7, 2010 12:37 pm
    Common Sense by: Thomas Paine 1776

    SOME writers have so confounded society with government, as to leave little or no distinction between them; whereas they are not only different, but have different origins. Society is produced by our wants, and government by our wickedness; the former promotes our happiness POSITIVELY by uniting our affections, the latter NEGATIVELY by restraining our vices. The one encourages intercourse, the other creates distinctions. The first is a patron, the last a punisher.   Read more...
    Common Sense -  I - Introduction to the Third Edition
    Common Sense - I - Introduction to the Third Edition
    Thursday - Oct 7, 2010 12:36 pm
    Common Sense by: Thomas Paine 1776

    Part I - Introduction to the Third Edition
    Perhaps the sentiments contained in the following pages, are not YET sufficiently fashionable to procure them general favour; a long habit of not thinking a thing WRONG, gives it a superficial appearance of being RIGHT, and raises at first a formidable outcry in defense of custom. But the tumult soon subsides. Time makes more converts than reason. As a long and violent abuse of power, is generally the Means of calling the right of it in question   Read more...
    The laws relating to the flag of the United States of America
    The laws relating to the flag of the United States of America
    Tuesday - Oct 5, 2010 7:56 pm
    The laws relating to the flag of the United States of America are found in detail in the United States Code.   Read more...
    Treaty of Alliance with France ART. 1. 1778
    Sunday - Oct 3, 2010 12:36 am
    If War should break out betwan france and Great Britain, during the continuance of the present War betwan the United States and England, his Majesty and the said united States, shall make it a common cause, and aid each other mutually with their good Offices, their Counsels, and their forces, according to the exigence of Conjunctures as becomes good & faithful Allies.   Read more...
    Samuel Adams Advocates American Independence August 1, 1776
    Samuel Adams Advocates American Independence August 1, 1776
    Sunday - Oct 3, 2010 12:34 am
    Samuel Adams, one of the most ardent of the Founding Fathers in his desire for independence from England, delivered this speech to a numerous audience at the State House in Philadelphia on August 1, 1776. Adams, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, also served as Delegate to the First Continental Congress in 1774 and was elected Governor of Massachusetts in 1794.   Read more...
    Virginia Declaration of Rights June 12, 1776
    Sunday - Oct 3, 2010 12:33 am
    I That all men are by nature equally free and independent, and have certain inherent rights, of which, when they enter into a state of society, they cannot, by any compact, deprive or divest their posterity; namely, the enjoyment of life and liberty, with the means of acquiring and possessing property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety.
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    Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms - July 6, 1775
    Sunday - Oct 3, 2010 12:31 am
    If it was possible for men, who exercise their reason to believe, that the divine Author of our existence intended a part of the human race to hold an absolute property in, and an unbounded power over others, marked out by his infinite goodness and wisdom, as the objects of a legal domination never rightfully resistible, however severe and oppressive, the inhabitants of these colonies might at least require from the parliament of Great-Britain some evidence, that this dreadful authority over them, has been granted to that body.   Read more...
    Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death!  - Patrick Henry
    Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death! - Patrick Henry
    Sunday - Oct 3, 2010 12:30 am
    I have but one lamp by which my feet are guided, and that is the lamp of experience. I know of no way of judging of the future but by the past. And judging by the past, I wish to know what there has been in the conduct of the British ministry for the last ten years to justify those hopes with which gentlemen have been pleased to solace themselves and the House. Is it that insidious smile with which our petition has been lately received?   Read more...
    Declaration and Resolves of the First Continental Congress
    Sunday - Oct 3, 2010 12:27 am
    Whereas, since the close of the last war, the British parliament, claiming a power, of right, to bind the people of America by statutes in all cases whatsoever, hath, in some acts, expressly imposed taxes on them, and in others, under various presences, but in fact for the purpose of raising a revenue, hath imposed rates and duties payable in these colonies, established a board of commissioners, with unconstitutional powers, and extended the jurisdiction of courts of admiralty, not only for collecting the said duties, but for the trial of causes merely arising within the body of a county   Read more...
    Resolutions of the Stamp Act October 19, 1765
    Resolutions of the Stamp Act October 19, 1765
    Sunday - Oct 3, 2010 12:25 am
    The members of this Congress, sincerely devoted, with the warmest sentiments of affection and duty to His Majesty's Person and Government, inviolably attached to the present happy establishment of the Protestant succession, and with minds deeply impressed by a sense of the present and impending misfortunes of the British colonies on this continent; having considered as maturely as time will permit the circumstances of the said colonies, esteem it our indispensable duty to make the following declarations of our humble opinion, respecting the most essential rights and liberties Of the colonists, and of the grievances under which they labour, by reason of several late Acts of Parliament.   Read more...
    The Rules of Civility and Decent Behaviour in Company and Conversation - George Washington
    The Rules of Civility and Decent Behaviour in Company and Conversation - George Washington
    Sunday - Oct 3, 2010 12:22 am
    Associate yourself with men of good quality if you esteem your own reputation; for 'tis better to be alone than in bad company.   Read more...
    The Letter of Columbus to Luis De Sant Angel Announcing His Discovery 1493
    Sunday - Oct 3, 2010 12:20 am
    As I know you will be rejoiced at the glorious success that our Lord has given me in my voyage, I write this to tell you how in thirty-three days I sailed to the Indies with the fleet that the illustrious King and Queen, our Sovereigns, gave me, where I discovered a great many islands, inhabited by numberless people; and of all I have taken possession for their Highnesses by proclamation and display of the Royal Standard without opposition. To the first island I discovered I gave the name of San Salvador, in commemoration of His Divine Majesty, who has wonderfully granted all this.   Read more...
    The Articles of Confederation of the United Colonies of New England
    Sunday - Oct 3, 2010 12:17 am
    The Articles of Confederation between the Plantations under the Government of the Massachusetts, the Plantations under the Government of New Plymouth, the Plantations under the Government of Connecticut, and the Government of New Haven with the Plantations in Combination therewith:
    Whereas we all came into these parts of America with one and the same end and aim, namely, to advance the Kingdom of our Lord Jesus Christ and to enjoy the liberties of the Gospel in purity with peace; and whereas in our settling (by a wise providence of God) we are further dispersed upon the sea coasts and rivers than was at first intended,   Read more...
    The Mayflower Compact   -  1620
    The Mayflower Compact - 1620
    Sunday - Oct 3, 2010 12:16 am
    In the name of God, Amen. We, whose names are underwritten, the Loyal Subjects of our dread Sovereign Lord, King James, by the Grace of God, of England, France and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, e&.
      Read more...
    The Third Virginia Charter - March 12, 1612
    Sunday - Oct 3, 2010 12:14 am
    James, by the grace of God [King of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith;] to all to whom [these pres-ents shall come,] greeting. Whereas at the humble suite of divers and sundry our lovinge subjects, aswell adventurers as planters of the First Colonie in Virginia, and for the propagacion of Christian religion and reclayminge of people barbarous to civilitie and humanitie, we have by our lettres   Read more...
    The Second Virginia Charter - May 23, 1609
    Sunday - Oct 3, 2010 12:12 am
    Whereas, at the humble suite and request of sondrie oure lovinge and well disposed subjects intendinge to deduce a colonie and to make habitacion and plantacion of sondrie of oure people in that parte of America comonlie called Virginia, and other part and territories in America either apperteyninge unto us or which are not actually possessed of anie Christian prince or people within certaine bound and regions, wee have formerly, by oure lettres patents   Read more...
    The First Virginia Charter - April 10, 1606
    Sunday - Oct 3, 2010 12:10 am
    All which landes, tenements and hereditaments soe to be passed by the saide severall lettres patents, shalbe, by sufficient assurances from the same patentees, soe distributed and devided amongest the undertakers for the plantacion of the said severall Colonies, and such as shall make theire plantacion in either of the said severall Colonies, in such manner and forme and for such estates as shall [be] ordered and sett [downe] by the Counsell of the same Colonie, or the most part of them, respectively,   Read more...
    The Colony At Roanoke
    The Colony At Roanoke
    Sunday - Oct 3, 2010 12:09 am
    To the Northwest the farthest place of our discovery was to Chawanook distant from Roanoak about 130 miles. Our passage thither lies through a broad sound, but all fresh water, and the channel of a great depth, navigable for good shipping, but out of the channel full of shoals...   Read more...
    The Magna Carta   -  June 15, 1215
    The Magna Carta - June 15, 1215
    Sunday - Oct 3, 2010 12:06 am
    A translation of Magna Carta as confirmed by Edward I with his seal in 1297
    [Preamble] EDWARD by the grace of God, King of England, Lord of Ireland, and Duke of Guyan, to all Archbishops, Bishops, etc. We have seen the Great Charter of the Lord HENRY, sometimes King of England, our father, of the Liberties of England, in these words: Henry by the grace of God, King of England, Lord of Ireland, Duke of Normandy and Guyan, and Earl of Anjou, to all Archbishops, Bishops, Abbots, Priors, Earls, Barons, Sheriffs, Provosts, Officers, and to all Bailiffs and other our faithful Subjects , which shall see this present Charter, Greeting. Know ye that we, unto the honour of Almighty God, and for the salvation of the souls of our progenitors and successors, Kings of England, to the advancement of holy Church, and amendment of our Realm, of our meer and free will, have given and granted to all Archbishops, Bishops, Abbots, Priors, Earls, Barons, and to all freemen of this our realm, these liberties following, to be kept in our kingdom of England for ever.   Read more...
    The Ten Commandments - 1447 B.C.
    Sunday - Oct 3, 2010 12:03 am
    And God spoke all these words, saying:
    "I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.
    "You shall have no other gods before Me.   Read more...
    The Code of Hammurabi - 1727-1680 B.C.
    The Code of Hammurabi - 1727-1680 B.C.
    Sunday - Oct 3, 2010 12:01 am
    When Anu the Sublime, King of the Anunaki, and Bel, the lord of Heaven and earth, who decreed the fate of the land, assigned to Marduk, the over-ruling son of Ea, God of righteousness, dominion over earthly man, and made him great among the Igigi, they called Babylon by his illustrious name, made it great on earth, and founded an everlasting kingdom in it, whose foundations are laid so solidly as those of heaven and earth; then Anu and Bel called by name me, Hammurabi, the exalted prince, who feared God, to bring about the rule of righteousness in the land, to destroy the wicked and the evil-doers; so that the strong should not harm the weak; so that I should rule over the black-headed people like Shamash, and enlighten the land, to further the well-being of mankind.   Read more...
    Amendments 11-27 to the Constitution of the United States
    Saturday - Oct 2, 2010 11:58 pm
    February 7, 1795
    AMENDMENT XI
    Passed by Congress March 4, 1794. Ratified February 7, 1795.
    Note: Article III, section 2, of the Constitution was modified by amendment 11.   Read more...
    The Bill of Rights - December 15, 1791 (1st ten amendments of the US Constitution)
    Saturday - Oct 2, 2010 11:56 pm
    Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. The first 10 amendments to the United States Constitution are referred to as the "Bill of Rights".   Read more...
    Madison's Proposal for the Bill of Rights
    Saturday - Oct 2, 2010 11:55 pm
    Madison's Proposal for the Bill of Rights
    June 8, 1789
    Original grammar retained   Read more...
    Bill of Rights Preamble - 1789
    Saturday - Oct 2, 2010 11:52 pm
    Congress OF THE United States
    begun and held at the City of New-York, on Wednesday the Fourth of March, one thousand seven hundred and eighty nine.   Read more...
    The First Ten Amendments as Ratified
    Saturday - Oct 2, 2010 11:50 pm
    Note: The following text is a transcription of the first 10 amendments to the Constitution in their original form. These amendments were ratified December 15, 1791, and form what is known as the "Bill of Rights."   Read more...
    Letter Of Transmittal - 1787
    Saturday - Oct 2, 2010 11:48 pm
    Sir,
    We have now the honor to submit to the consideration of the United States in Congress assembled, that Constitution which has appeared to us the most advisable.   Read more...
    The Constitution of the United States of America  -  September 17, 1787
    The Constitution of the United States of America - September 17, 1787
    Saturday - Oct 2, 2010 11:45 pm
    We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.   Read more...
    Hamilton’s Plan of Union
    Hamilton’s Plan of Union
    Saturday - Oct 2, 2010 11:41 pm
    The Supreme Legislative power of the United States of America to be vested in two different bodies of men; the one to be called the Assembly, the other the Senate who together shall form the Legislature of the United States with power to pass all laws whatsoever subject to the Negative hereafter mentioned   Read more...
    The New Jersey Plan
    Saturday - Oct 2, 2010 11:38 pm
    Resolved that the articles of Confederation ought to be so revised, corrected & enlarged, as to render the federal Constitution adequate to the exigencies of Government, & the preservation of the Union   Read more...
    The Articles of Confederation
    Saturday - Oct 2, 2010 11:32 pm
    Articles of Confederation and perpetual Union between the states of New Hampshire, Massachusetts-bay Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia.   Read more...
    The Declaration of Independence
    The Declaration of Independence
    Saturday - Oct 2, 2010 11:29 pm
    When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.
      Read more...
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